Docker Architecture Explained
- Vipul Kumar
- System design , Microservices
- November 27, 2024
Table of Contents
🖥️ Client-Server Model — Docker uses a client-server architecture where the Docker client communicates with the Docker daemon to manage containers.
🔧 Docker Daemon — The daemon is responsible for building, running, and managing Docker containers and images. It listens for API requests and processes them.
📦 Docker Client — This is the interface through which users interact with Docker. It can communicate with multiple daemons and uses commands like ‘docker build’, ‘docker pull’, and ‘docker run’.
🏠 Docker Host — The host is the environment where Docker runs, including the daemon, images, containers, networks, and storage.
📚 Docker Registry — This is where Docker images are stored. Docker Hub is a public registry, but private registries can also be set up.
Docker Components
🔧 Docker Engine — The core of Docker, facilitating container lifecycle management with components like the CLI, REST API, and daemon.
📦 Images — Read-only templates used to create containers, containing all necessary instructions and metadata.
📂 Containers — Encapsulated environments for running applications, created from images and configured with specific options.
🔗 Networks — Docker provides various networking options, including bridge, host, and overlay networks, to connect containers.
💾 Volumes — Used for persistent storage, allowing data to be shared between containers and the host.
Docker Networking
🌉 Bridge Network — The default network driver, allowing containers on the same host to communicate.
🏠 Host Network — Removes network isolation between the container and the host, useful for performance.
🕸️ Overlay Network — Enables communication between containers across different Docker hosts, often used in swarm services.
🚫 None Network — Disables all networking, providing complete isolation.
📡 Macvlan Network — Assigns a MAC address to containers, making them appear as physical devices on the network.
Docker Storage
💾 Data Volumes — Allow data to persist beyond the lifecycle of a container, mounted directly into the container’s filesystem.
📦 Volume Containers — Used to maintain data state across container restarts, stored on the host.
📁 Directory Mounts — Host directories can be mounted as volumes, providing direct access to host files.
🔌 Storage Plugins — Enable integration with external storage solutions like Amazon EBS, enhancing data management.
🗄️ Storage Drivers — Manage how images and containers are stored on the Docker host, crucial for performance and efficiency.
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